How to Tune a Guitar
Whether you want to rock hard or strum sweet, your ears (and your neighbors) will appreciate your musicianship if you start with a well-tuned guitar.
The most accurate way to tune a guitar is with an electronic tuner. Simply play each string open (unfretted), and the tuner will indicate which note it is and where it falls in pitch. On a 6-string guitar, standard tuning (from the top string, also known as the 6th string, down to the bottom string, also known as the 1st string) is E, A, D, G, B, E.
If the pitch is flat, you’ll need to tighten the string. Turn the guitar’s tuning-peg on which that string is wound. Often just a slight adjustment is all that’s needed. Conversely, if the pitch is sharp, you’ll need to unwind the string slightly, again using the peg.
Another method for tuning is by using a tuning-fork to tune the 1st string, then tuning the other strings relative to each other. Tap the fork against any hard surface, and then press the ball-tip against your guitar. The resulting tone you hear is a true E; the same note that your 1st (bottom) string should sound like when played open. If it doesn’t match, tighten or loosen the peg accordingly until it does. Then you’ll need to tune the 2nd string. To do this, fret this string at the 5th fret and play it. Its pitch should match that of the 1st string open. If it doesn’t, turn that 2nd-string peg accordingly. Once the 2nd string is tuned, move up to the 3rd string and fret it at the 4th fret. The pitch should match the 2nd string (played open). After then tuning the 3rd string, move up to the 4th string and play it at the 5th fret. This note should match the 3rd open string. Moving on to the 5th string, fret it also at the 5th fret, and it should match the pitch of the 4th open string. Lastly, the 6th string played at the 5th fret should match the pitch of the open 5th string.
Alternatively, if you have access to another instrument, such as a keyboard, you can compare and tune the guitar to that, provided you know its corresponding notes.
Tuning regularly not only keeps your guitar sounding great, but also helps develop your ear, regardless of which method you use. Play on!
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One thing we have to notice is we should learn step-by-step process and that to at regular basis and try to improve at each step by assessing our faults then only we can achieve our goals.